Which term is a social movement dedicated to protecting the Earth's life support systems for humans and other species?

• A. Environmentalism
• B. Universalists
• C. Paradigm
• D. Relativists

Answer: (A)

Environmentalism is the social movement focused on protecting Earth's life-support systems—air, water, soil, biodiversity, and climate—that sustain humans and other species. It arises from recognizing that human activities can degrade these systems through pollution, overuse of resources, habitat loss, and greenhouse gas emissions, and that safeguarding them supports health, economies, and future generations. The movement spans advocacy, conservation, sustainable practices, and policy change, from local cleanups to global climate action.

Other terms don’t describe a movement aimed at protecting the planet’s life-support systems. Universalists refer to a belief in universal moral principles rather than a specific environmental movement. A paradigm is a model or framework for understanding phenomena, usually in science. Relativists hold that truth or morality depends on context or culture.